Electrical system of distribution.



WILLIAK'A. 'rUnBAYNn, or LANCASTER, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR we soon) coornnn UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE;

COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

c ELECTRICAL SYSTEM OF DISTRIBUTION.

Specification of Let't'e'rs Yatent.

Application at October 29, 19cc. Serial No. 525,4oa

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM A; Tun- BAYNE, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Lancaster, in the county of Erie, State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electrical Systems of Distribution, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to electrical systems of'dist'ribution and more especially to car lighting systems in which the main generaby the movementof the car tor" is driven and in which automatic means is employed to regulate the voltage of the main generator;

One object of my invention is to provide a system in which the characteristic or voltage of the main generator may be maintained more nearly at the desired value at substantially all speeds of the car.

- further object of my invention is the provision of a system in which the regulation of the generator is maintained'in accordance with current changes during the charging of the battery but is maintained in accordance with, voltage changes when the battery has become substantially charged.

Further objects, features and advantages will more clearly appear from the detailed description given below taken, in connection with the accompanying drawing which forms a part of this specification.

In the drawing which shows diagrammatically a system embodying one form of my invention, 1 represents the main generator driven at a variable speed by the movement of the car as by the car axle.

2 represents an auxiliary dynamo driven from the same shaft as the generator 1 and connected in series with the shunt field 3 of the main generator 1.' The main generator 1 is arranged to feed a work circuit 4 and a storage battery 5 through the mains 6 and 7. Connected in series in the main 7 is a switch 8 arranged to make electrical connection between the contacts 9 when the voltage of the generator reaches a predetermined value.

V and 19.

work circuit 4: and battery 5. One of these paths is through the main conductor 12, resistance 18 and conductor 14:. Another path is through the conductor 15 and coil 16. All of the work circuit current, however, passes through the conductor 17 from the resistance 13; Conductors 15 and 17 are arranged to contact with the-resistance 13 at various points by means of contact points 18 and 19. By this arrangement the current in coil 16 may be arranged to be responsive to the battery current or to the generator circuit current or to both, according to the ositions of the contact points 18' he conductor 15 is connected to the movable member of the switch 8, so that when the car is stationary'and the switch is open the coil 16 is entirely disconnected and no current can flow therethrough from the battery, for if the coil 16 was thus energized the field coil 20 would be energized in the wrong direction so that it would not perform its proper function of initially causing the excitation of main generator 1. The opening of the automatic switch 8 prevents the battery current from flowing back to the main generator.

The auxiliary dynamo 2 is provided with a field 20 having one end connected to the conductor 7, While its other terminal is connected to the positive side of the battery through theresistance 21.

22 represents the core of an electromagnet upon which is wound the coil 16 and also a voltage coil23 which is arranged to be connected across the mains 6 and 7 at the proper time The electro'magnetformed by the core 22 and the coils 16 and 28 is arrangedto operate a vibrating armature 24 secured at 25 and arranged to make electrical contact with a terminal 26. The terminal 26 is connected with the field coil 20 by means of a conductor 27 while the armas ture 245 is connected with the coil 28 and with the main 6 by means of a conductor 28. The adjustable spring 29 normally maintains the armature 2 1 out ofcontac't with the terminal 26. v

29 is an electromagnet connected across the mains 6 and 7 by means of conductors 30 and 31. The magnet 29 is arrangedto' operate an armature 32 electrically connected to the coil 23 by means of a conductor 33. The armature 32 is normally held away from a contact terminal 3 1 by means of a Patented Aug. 6, 1912. c

- armature 24 makes contact with the-termt,

spring 35 and the terminal 34 is connected to the main 7 by means of conductor 30, When operated upon by the electromagnet 29 the armature 32 contacts with terminal '34 and thus connects the coil 23 directly across the mains 6 and 7.

In operation when the system is started up the coil 20 is excited by current from the battery in a direction to cause the dynamo 2 to aid the main generator in building up. This action continues until after the main switch 8 is closedand until the speed: of the main generator increases such that its voltage tends to exceed the predetermined value necessary to give the proper charging current. Upon reaching this condition the armature 24 will close upon contact 26 thus energizing coil 20 in the opposite direction and causing the dynamo 2 to act as a oo'un ter machine to materially decrease the field strength of the main generator andlpre'vent' any further rise, in generator voltageland battery current. The vibrating armature 24-. is maintained very near thepoint-of equilib--i rium by means of the current in the coil 16.

If the voltage of the main machine tendsto increase the current in coil 16 increases, the

nal 26 thus throwing the field 20 across the main 6 and 7, caus1ng a material counter: action by the'auxiliary machine 2, sothat the voltage of the main generator tends 'to decrease to a very great'extent below nor- Immediately, however, this veffect 16 decreases, so that thespring 29 becomes the more powerful and the armature 24 is withdrawn. This action continues and therate of vibration of the armature 24 varies such that the voltage of the main generator is maintained at a-proper value, in order to cause a substantially constant current to flow inthe coil 16. In this manner a "sul stantiallyconstant charging current may be given the battery or the total loadon the generator may be maintained substantially constant, this depending on the connection of the contact terminals 18 and 19. When, however, the battery has reached a predetermined voltage, indicating that it is sufiiciently charged, the electromagnet 29 attracts the armature 32, so that the coil 23 is thrown in circuit across the mains 6 and 7. This action increases the counter-action of the auxiliary machine 2 so that the voltage I of "the main generator is somewhat decreased, thereby causing the. battery to float. The action of the armature 24 is now controlled substantially by the coil 23 so that the volta e of the main generator is maintained sufi its current output.

By providing a counter-machine 2, and regulating or controlling the same by means stantially constant irrespective ofof a vibrating armature 24 the current through the vibrating armature is small, so that sparking troubles are substantially eliminated. Furthermore, by regulating the counter-machine by means of the armature 24 there is no tendency for the main generator output to fall oifat the "higher speeds, as is the case if the coil 16 were placed directly on the auxiliary dynamo 2 to regulate the same. Furthermore, slight variations in the air gap or in the density of the steel casings of the machine do not affect the characteristics, since the characteristics of the machine areprdperly maintained by the vibrating armature 24 and the coils 16 and 23.

With this system also the generator will u put up its full output at much slower speeds,

slnce no counter-electromotive force is in- .cluded inthe main circuit until the generator output exceeds the predetermined value. That isfthezclosing of the main switch 8 *does not-cause the dynamo 2 to become a counter-machine as would be the case if the coilj' 'l6'were directly upon the same. But the dynamo v2 only becomes a counter-machine when the battery orother current becomes excessive. [,Furthermore, byproviding the core 22 and armature 24 the heavy windings ,which would otherwise be necessary upon thegal xiliary machine 2 are eliminated and ,theLfunctions thereof are performed bythe 'smallerwindings 16 and 23 upon theco're'22, n I

Although I have i described my improvements in great detaiLneVertheless, I do not desire to be limitedfth'ereto except as speci-.

fied .hereinaf terin theclaims; But

Having fully andclearly described my invention what I claim asnew and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is y 1.,In an electrical system of distribution,

' a "generator, means for/regulating the volt- 'agei- =otfsaid generator lncl'u'ding a vibrating armature and two coils, one of said coils being connected to regulate the action of said armature responsive to current variations of the system until the generator voltage reaches a predetermined value, and means for bringing the other coilinto operation when the generator voltage reaches said predetermined value to regulate said armature responsive-to voltage variations.

2. In an electrical system of distribution, a variable speed generator, a storage battery and work circuit supplied thereby, means for regulating the voltage of said generator including a vibrating armature and two coils, one of said coils regulating the action of said armature responsive to current varia tions of the system until the generator voltage reaches a predetermined value, and the other coil being responsive to voltage variations of the system for regulating the action of said armature when the generator voltage reaches said predetermined value to regulate said armature responsive to voltage variations.

3. In an electrical car lighting system, a generator driven by the movement of the car, a storage battery and work circuit supplied thereby, means for regulating the voltage of the generator, including a vibrating armature, and two coils, one of said coils regulating the action of said armature responsive to current variations of the system while the battery is charging and means responsive to voltage variations for bringing the other coil into operation to regulate the action of said armature responsive to voltage variations of the system when the battery has reached a predetermined voltage.

4:. In an electrical car lighting system, a generator driven by the movement of the car, a storage battery and work circuit supplied thereby, means for regulating the voltage of the generator, including a vibrating armature, and two coils, one of said coils regulating the action of said armature responsive to variations in the battery charging current, and the other coil regulating the action of said armature responsive to voltage variations of the generator, and a switch for throwing said last mentioned coil into operation when the battery voltage has reached a predetermined value.

5. In an electrical car lighting system, a generator driven by the movement of the car, a storage battery and work circuit eonn'ected to be fed thereby, means for regulating the voltage of the generator including an auxiliary dynamo in the field of the generator, a vibrating armature for regulating the action of said auxiliary dynamo and two coils, one of said coils regulating the action of said armature responsive to current variations of the system while the battery is charging and the other coil regulating action of said armature responsive to voltage variations of the system' when the battery has reached a predetermined voltage.

6. In an electrical car lighting system, a generator driven by the movement of the car, a storage battery and work circuit con nected to be fed thereby, means for regulating the voltage of the generator including an auxiliary dynamo in the field of the generator, a vibrating armature for regulating the action of said auxiliary dynamo, an elect-romagnet for operating said armature, two CO1lS on said magnet, one connected to be responsive to variations in the battery current and the other connected in circuit across the terminals of the generator to be responsive to variations in the battery and generator voltage, and an electroresponsive switch in said circuit controlled by a coil connected across the terminals of the generator and.

arranged to throw said second mentioned coil. into operation when the battery has reached a predetermined voltage.

7. In an electrical car lighting system, a generator driven by the movement of the car, a storage battery and work circuit supplied thereby, means torregulating the volt age'ot the generator, including a vibrating armature, and two coils, one of said coils regulating the action of said armature responsive to current variations of the system while the battery is charging and means for bringing the other coil into operation to regulate the action of said armature responsive to voltage variations of the system when the battery has reached a predetermined voltage and means for disconnecting said first mentioned coil when the voltage of the generator drops below a predetermined value.

8. In an electrical car lighting system, a generator driven by the movement of the car, a storagebattery and work circuit connected to be fed thereby, means for regulating the voltage of the generator including an auxiliary dynamo in the field of the generator, a vibrating armature for regulating the action of said auxiliary dynamo and'two coils, one of said coils being connected to regulate the action of said armature responsive to variations in the battery charging current, and the other coil being arranged to regulate the action of said armature responsive to voltage variations of the generator, and a switch for throwing said last mentioned coil into operation when the battery voltage has reached a predetermined value.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

WILLIAM A. TURBAYNE.

Witnesses:

W. H. PATTENDEN, P. W. ENGLISH. 

